Indian Civilization Analysis

Despite the over-reliance on the European sources, issues such as manipulation and inaccuracy of the information make it problematic to draw the entire conclusion about the Indian history from the European sources. Also, the lectures cover the physical geography of India and the beginning of Indian civilization. According to the lectures, Indian civilization is an open civilization. To explain, the history of Indian culture indicates that the urbanization in the region was carefully planned to the benefit of the natives. For example, this civilization began from the riverbanks which are under the Ganges River and the Indus River with relevance to two main cities known as Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro (Lal). Moreover, the towns in the Harappan region traded with each other and with counterparts in Babylon, Egypt, Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean.

Farming is another economic activity related to the Indians of 300 BC (Lal). To explain, Irrigation was among the main reasons cities developed along rivers. Since the streams ensured the existence of water for irrigation, the towns grew in places that were highly productive in the agricultural scope. The presence of massive stores of grains during the Harappan supports the stance that farming was among the economic activities of the Indians in the civilization period (Lal). This means that the Indian civilization disappeared with the arrival of the Aryans. Another change associated with the arrival of the Aryans is social differentiation which is the differences made between social groups on the basis of some characteristics. For instance, evidence separating roles in the society based on the sexuality of the individuals stems from the 18th century.

The lectures show that male and female children were subjected to different forms of education because male kids were supposed to learn extensively from the feet of Guru while the female youngsters were subjected to a more controlled form of schooling (Lal). The argument shows that characteristics such as gender played a significant role in setting differences and social boundaries in the communities. The most remarkable aspect of the lectures is the excellent presentation of facts from the primary sources and criticism of possible faults in the secondary sources. The lectures use archeological evidence such as paintings and sculptures to support the arguments about the causes and vanishing of the Indian civilization which makes it a more practical than theoretical presentation.