PHOTO VOLTAIC PANELS IN SUSTAINABLE BUILT ENVIRONMENT

Document Type:Thesis

Subject Area:Architecture

Document 1

The paper is rich in valuable information for the researchers undertaking research in in this field and any related field. • Methodology- The paper applied the use of qualitative literature review to analyze scholarly materials and to design a report for a photovoltaic panel. • Findings- vital literature was discovered about the PV. But there was an existence of gaps in the literature. The history of the PV panels was such insightful. 10 Potential of the PV Panels. 11 Facility management during the lifespan 12 Conclusion 12 Bibliography 14 Introduction A photovoltaic panel is an electrical device that is applied to transform or convert light energy directly to produce electrical power (Parida et al. When a photovoltaic cell is exposed to sunlight, it begins to generate electric current making it ready to be used for any powered activities including transportation systems, parks landscaping, commercial buildings and even dams among other infrastructures.

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Also, the cells do not only work when the sunlight light is there, but it can as well be used during the cloudy days. However, the rate of energy differs because when there is sunlight, the energy is a bit high than when it's cloudy. In the dawn of 1888, Aleksandra Stoletov tried to create something better. Aleksandra Stoletov came up with a photoelectric cell by applying the knowledge that Heinrich Hertz had developed concerning photoelectric cell in 1887. By the beginning of the year 1950, the first-ever photovoltaic cells were produced by Daryl Chapin and his colleagues. This photovoltaic cells became so useful in producing of electric power all through the 1960’s. The electric power catalyzed development and improvements in manufacturing industries from 1960’S-1970’s.

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Photovoltaic panel plays a vital role in the sustainable build in-environment. Photovoltaic panel energy is the most valuable source of energy which makes the use of the radiant energy from the sun to generate electric power. In the build in environment solar energy is used to perform several functions including supplying energy for drying, cooking and even pasteurization among many other uses. The photovoltaic panel is a very instrumental technique that helps in the sustenance of the quality of the environment using different mechanisms for instance solar thermal and solar lightening. Photovoltaic panel energy uses some other energy sources like wind and waves power along with solar radiation to produce renewable energy. This has been made easy by the implementation of thermal mass.

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Thermal mass is mainly applied for the purposes of conserving the heat that is obtained from the sun. Solar energy has a whole lot of uses in the sustainable build in-environment. And it is also readily and easily available as opposed to other energy sources. Additionally, photovoltaic energy has many technologies that are used to generate the heat and to collect the same heat. Solar power has got so many advantages when compared to other sources of energy because the sun is available everywhere and it is also able to regenerate unlike other sources like the fossils fuel and nuclear power. Also, since the sun is available in different geological zones of the world, there is no transportation costs or transmission lines that are needed.

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Charts that showing solar energy with other sources The pie chart above compares solar energy production in relation to other sources of energy. It is evident that solar energy is still recording the lowest source of energy while Biomass energy, Hydro power, Wind energy and wood energy records the highest energy production. The technology used in the PV panels. Additionally, it does the heating and cooling for local scale such as for residential purposes as well as for large-scale use such as industrial application. This technology contains the flat plate, Integral Collector Storage, and thermo-siphon as well as the evacuated tube that aids heating and cooling. Main challenges of implementing PV panels The solar industry has grown so fast in the recent years.

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However, despite the fast growth of solar industry, the industry may not be replacing other sources of energy like the fossils fuel so soon Because there many barriers that still holds back the implementation of PV panels. For instance Grid infrastructure The power grid or structure has remained unaltered for many years. Without changes to the matrix, it's unfortunate that solar energy may not dominate over fossils fuels. Inefficiency Despite the fact that the cost of solar power has dropped over the years, it is unfortunate that solar power is still an expensive investment especially during installation but free afterward because it will only cost some money for maintenance costs. Research shows that most of the solar power is 10-20 % proficient (Ma et al.

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It is sad that most of the rays or sunlight’s coming from the solar cannot be properly trapped to harness power. This problem may be due to the obvious reason that solar panels are stationery and as such, they cannot move from one place to meet the suns electric rays. When making decisions to buy one or more solar panel, it is important to consider other factors apart from costs because the solar system you chose has to provide you with the solution you wanted. Of course, the PV panels cost depends on many different factors such as modules suitable for usage. Also, the cost is primarily determined by its capacity, brand, size and even durability and other important legal considerations such as certification.

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Charts that shows cost fluctuation for Solar panel cost in the recent years The table shows the trend in the fluctuation of solar prices from the year 2007 and the anticipated price by the years 2022. It is evident that solar energy prices has been decreasing from the year 2007 and it is expected to contribute to reducing onwards until the year 2022 The current market for the solar panels. Solar based energy is the cleanest and most rich sustainable power source that is readily available especially during the day. It can contribute a noteworthy extent of the sustainable power sources in the future. Solar power has numerous favorable circumstances: it can't be consumed by a modest bunch of nations; it has neither extreme upkeep and administration costs nor the change systems delivering troublesome emanations, and it can undoubtedly be incorporated into both open and private structures without outside natural effects.

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PV is the easiest innovation to plan and introduce (Polman et al. However, it is as yet a standout amongst the most costly inexhaustible advances. A significant number of them offer free support, and regardless of whether that is not the situation, proficient counsel is constantly valuable. Particularly when it's about venture as vital as solar based power. • Specifically, try to avoid any physical damage to the surface of the solar panel. More scratches would mean that there will be more prominent rates of corruption in proficiency. • Try to clean your solar panel often to keep it safe and operational. and Kirwan, K. The feed-in tariff in the UK: a case study focus on domestic photovoltaic systems.  Renewable Energy, 50, pp. Hernandez, R.

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