Noise and vibration reasons and control for hvac system in hong kong

1 Historical background………………………………………………………………………. 2 understanding vibration and sound…………………………………………………………6 1. 3 Noise control strategies………………………………………………………………………8 2. 0 The vocabulary of acoustics………………………………………………………………. 1 Designing noise and vibration control……………………………………………………. 9 Use of quieter equipment……………………………………………………………………26 4. 0 Understanding traffic noise problem in Hong Kong………………………………………28 4. 1 The extent of traffic noise problem…………………………………………………………30 4. 2 Traffic noise control policies in Hong Kong………………………………………………. 0 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………. It also provides complex information about the acoustic and factors that impact on the hearing loss together with the principles of noise measurement and control. Similarly, it looks briefly at the health impacts that vibrations cause, measurement of vibration, and the general restrictions that have been established. Finally, it draws down the examination of the role generated by the HVAC systems for professional management of noise and vibration hazards. 0 Introduction In the HVAC industry, noise and vibration are usually generated through the rotation of equipment air and fluid movements across different pipes and ducts.

The change is essential since it creates consistent vibrations, sound, and other noise. The control technology aims at reducing the high environmental harm that such noise might have at certain particular moments. The process will help in ensuring the right aspects and control mechanisms have been completed in the given way. The actions taken will involve active implementation of different measures that help reduce noise generated and the noise being transmitted through the air to the different structure of the workplace. This is an important structure that helps in identifying the right aspects which help in the entire process (Stansfeld, & Matheson, 2003). In fact, the most appropriate approach for the noise hazard to be considered is in the work environment, which starts with the elimination of the hazard source of the generation directly.

1 Historical Background The main problem with noise which influences health and hearing has been identified all across the years. Probably, it is considered that the earliest notations are attributed to the noise that is falling like the water in the Nile cataracts and its ill effects on the hearing of the various local inhabitants. In ancient Rome, carts were banned from various cities during the night as their given wheels made a lot of noise on the cobblestoned streets. In fact, according to Hills (2002) the hearing impairment of coppersmith in Demarbis artificial diatribia was caused by such undertaking of hearing problems. With the establishment of the industrial revolution, the various incidences and approaches of noise facilitated hearing had increased a great deal through the works of the various individuals who took part in such studies (Hills, 2002).

The fluid in the automotive shock absorbers is seen to be a type of damper since it’s the inherent damping through the elastomeric equipment (Goines, & Hagler, 2007). The energy is converted to the heat in the shock rubber mounts. There are also pads which have been made through the cork used in the equipment mounting that could be identified as major damping devices. The two forms of vibration management are considered different from one another but usually used in line with each other to achieve the established purpose. Vibration isolation is a major aspect that should always be considered and will make sure the right policy alternative has been completed in the right way. The sequence is very important in establishing a system that will significantly provide the best results when used.

3 Noise Control Strategies In line with the selection process of the control design measures, key noise features must be realized, and the type of noise provided be evaluated more efficiently. The various procedures for taking noise measurements in the course of a noise survey that is to be completed. In order to define the noise problem realized and set a great basis to have the best control strategy, some important steps should be considered (To, Mak, & Chung, 2015). The first step to be considered is the fact that the type of noise level and the parallel pattern of the frequency distribution of the noise sources such as noise propagation pathways across the air should be effectively determined. Acoustic is also beyond comfort because of the artistic quality which is brought out by the performance spaces, music practice environments, and the recording studios.

Sometimes, design buildings might turn out to be more destructive from the noise it turns out to generate to the environment. There should be key considerations in the environment that should ensure the right prospects of the sound has been outlined fully. Noise and vibration in buildings are considered to be either caused by building elements such as mechanical noise taking up the construction or other external outdoor activities that are taking places such as traffic and automobiles. The reverberation in the given enclosed spaces is seen to be an important acoustic element that is effective in determining the room shape, complete selections, size of the rooms and the number of people within the given room. These are basic elements that bring comfort to humans such as humidity, temperature, and other environmentally friendly processes in the mechanical system design.

i. Noise Noise is considered to be the unwanted form of sound produced at the unappropriated place. Fans, pumps, and generators are key examples of instruments which produce an unwelcomed sound, which is in excess becoming noise. Even human speech can be noisy when it is done by many people at the same time. Vibration across buildings is often caused by various machines such as the mechanical system components, pumps, cooling towers, and electrical systems such as generators (Shen, & Tam, 2002). All these elements cause significant harm to the building and can cause loose parts of the building to fall in extreme cases of vibrations. Other key vibration sources are drawn from human beings such as football noise on the floors or the moving of tables in an office.

They might turn out to impact the environments and other places through the commotion and vibrations that it has. Besides, vibration can be caused by other key external sources such as nearby trains and heavy commercial equipment. Reverberation is considered to reduce when the given spaces have more absorption surfaces, which help in acoustical title ceilings, carpet floors, and other acoustic panels. The roles of the reverberation in the acoustic environment are complex, and this study is effective in the understanding of the vibration control system. 1 Designing for noise and vibration control With the different objectives of completed and the scope of the work identified, the design work completed will be designed in the best approach. At the start of the project, noise and vibration system control is used to play a major role in the determination of the space adjacencies.

As the project design processes begin, more details are effectively designed and developed to be able to integrate with the deliverables for each building trade, specifically the architecture, interior design, and other key elements (Ko et al. Significant provided time, money, and aggravation is saved by taking noise control into practical use. The process of realizing the conference room or office next to a mechanical room will generate significant adverse impacts and the cost of the mechanical systems as well as architectural elements (Wong, Chau, & Wong, 2002). In some instances, the given equipment can be necessary for providing effective vibration isolation system perhaps gives the need for an inertia base to complete the equipment and complete the given process effectively. The piping and the ductwork approach considered may bring additional acoustically lined ductwork and larger silencers.

The particular architectural aspects, such as walls and floors during the spaces of construction, play a significant role in the noise problem solution. The various site planning, architectural design, construction method, and the barriers in construction (Wong, Chau, & Wong, 2002). The identified acoustic site design applies the arrangement of the building on a channel of land to minimize the impacts of noise through capitalization on the site’s natural contours and shapes. The various open spaces of the nonresidential land use and the barrier of buildings can be organized to shield the residential areas and other noise-sensitive activities from the noise. It is also a fact that most residences can be oriented away from the paths of noise. The acoustic architectural design is necessary as it incorporates noise-reducing elements in the details of the individual building designs.

The knowledgeable municipal officials can be significant in providing significant help to the various designers, developers, and the builders who may not be familiar with sound alternatives that are applicable in the local industry. 1 Acoustical Site Planning The arrangement of the given buildings on the site could be used to reduce the rate of noise. If it becomes incompatible with the land being used, which already exists, the acoustic site planning usually provides a successful approach for the noise to be reduced significantly (Lee, & Chan, 2008). Different methods of preparation can be employed in order to shield the residential development coming from the noise. Some of these approaches include; i. This is because it is nearly impossible to be in a position to provide the physical shielding impacts of the noise system, which is adjacent to the noise framework.

It is considered that the impacts of noise are severe in those rooms that face the roadway considering the fact that they are closest to the source where the noise originates from. The impact of the noise can also be great in various rooms that are perpendicular to the roadways (Lam et al. First, it is annoying for the noise patterns in various rooms and windows that are perpendicular walls which do not reduce the extreme effects of noise unlike those which are parallel seeing the angle of sound. Road noise can be considered to be more annoying in rooms that are perpendicular since the extreme noise deflections instead of the noise rising and falling as if they are in rooms which have parallel to the passing cars.

The outlook becomes effective and proper in understanding the right prospects. 3 Acoustical architectural design Noise components can be controlled in any given building, having a properly structured architectural design. By providing attention to the acoustical considerations in the process of planning of the arrangement of the room, placement attention to the acoustical system used, placement of windows in their proper ways, balconies and courtyards, the architect may be essential in the achievement of significant noise impact reduction without having the need for the costly acoustic construction (Shen, & Tam, 2002). The architectural design will ensure the problems of noise pollution have been eliminated and subsequent control paths made in the right way. This is the best principle approach that will substantially help the entire process to be effective.

This approach has been applied exclusively in England in a 100-acre residential development, which is adjacent to the highway (Maisonneuve, Stevens, & Ochab, 2010). The kitchens were placed on the highway side and the bathrooms and bedrooms and living rooms situated on opposite sides. The walls of the expressway appear to be much isolated to prevent too much sound from having its way through the building. i. Solid walls Noise is considered to be reduced by eliminating windows and just having other openings from the walls of the building. Examples of noise-reducing elements and construction techniques are described in details in the study. To be in a position to compare the insulation performance of the various vital alternatives’ constructions, the sound transmission class which has been used to measure the materials ability to reduce sound effectively, the right approach is mandatory.

The sound transmission class is usually equated with the number of decibels a sound is reduced as it passes through a material (Maisonneuve et al. Thus, a large transmission system can indicate an excellent approach of insulating component material which completes the right approach determination. It takes into consideration the various influences of the critical frequencies on the sound transmission system essentially as it is the difference between the sound levels on the side of the partition where the noise originates and the other hand where it could be received. 6 Controlling Construction Noise   The process of controlling noise in construction brings in particular problems for the contractors. Unlike the general industry, various construction activities are not always seen to be stationary and in the other location.

Construction activities usually take up multiple components brought up by weather, wind tunnels, topography, and atmosphere landscaping. Construction noisemakers such as heavy earth moving equipment can be able to move from one location, which is likely to vary considerably across the intensity of workday (Francis, Ortega, & Cruz, 2009). High levels of noise on the construction worksites can be reduced with the use of commonly accepted engineering administrative control system. Administrative controls include the process of activity planning, for instance, scheduling pavement breaking operations so as to reduce the number of worksite workers being exposed to the hazards. In addition, noisy equipment should be operated for more extended periods than what is recommended and should be switched off whenever they are not being used.

8 Maintenance Focusing more on the level of the maintenance process and the equipment is the best process that will help reduce worksite noise in a significant way. Maintaining the plant and equipment to be used to be in good working condition is a practical and positive approach that should be considered (To, Mak, & Chung, 2015). It helps make things to be more accessible and more achievable in due time. Ideally, the worksite should have a reliable system to check the servicing of different machines and power tools. Such maintenance approach will reduce the possibility of having extreme noise in the industry. This is the most effective approach that will determine the way in which right aspects are completed. 9 Use of Quieter Equipment On the contrary, there should be the use of a cost-effective channel to reduce noise at a construction site by considering quieter equipment.

Such equipment will help in making such construction to be environmentally friendly. It will make sure that the right principles of noise control have been completed. i. How costly is insulation The owner of a given apartment came up with a design that is highly competitive in the market because of its cost-effectiveness and benefits. The apartments designed are for the method to regulate the noise received and ensures that every process is effectively completed in the right way. There is relatively little reliable information considering the cost estimate of the project which completes the process of insulation. For instance, the promulgation of the Hong Kong planning standards and guidelines in 1982 have created way towards long term noise control plan in the city.

The program has a long-term aim to regulate the type of noise being witnessed and has really helped shape the way in which different components are completed. Prior to such an undertaking is the inappropriate siting of the noise-sensitive approach of the buildings near major roadways and railroads for the proper noise control mechanism. Such controls are essential in having a sustainable city that would attract more tourists. The enactment of the Noise Control Ordinance (NCO) in 1988 brought significant measures that would control noise in the city. Also, the problems that existed in the 70s is a great issue that cannot be solved overnight. There is a need to have more planning and commitment that would significantly help the issues at hand.

This is the best approach that will ensure the right and suitable components have been completed. It is anticipated that there is a large number of noise sources which contribute significantly to the noise within the environment, such as the transportation noise. But by far, road traffic remains at the top of all the noise within cities. Ways to control the noise is becoming limited with the limiting frameworks being provided. According to the Hong Kong state statistics, approximately 1. 1 million people are exposed to high traffic noise in the city, which is an extreme level (Hills, 2002). These statistics make Hong Kong is one of the biggest and most complex noise problem cities in the world. The different problems faced by the people in Hong Kong are: (a) The proximity of major runway roads to residential places.

The flyovers carrying such traffic is a great problem that is being outlined and effectively outlined, which gives more room for more noise to be comprehended. A good example is the Trunk road T3. People across Hong Kong have mainly become impatient with the increasing levels of traffic in the city. In the past five years, the environmental protection department has received over 400 complaints every year on noise pollution. Road traffic noise problems have been raised across key legislative frameworks in the council and the media. This was the most significant possibility that would ensure the right principles had been completed in a particular way to ensure right aspects had been completed. It was though such undertakings that right approaches would be completed in a given approach (Stansfeld, & Matheson, 2003).

Where the process of engineering solutions was established, there were alternative government support programs that would help the issues at hand and ensure the right principle frameworks had been subsequently completed. The government has been tackling the road traffic noise issues through a prolonged period approach which includes; (a) To be in a position to prevent noise through policy actions at the beginning of land planning and use by having the most appropriate designs. (b) Avoid the issue of importing noise vehicles in the country as a way or noise prevention. 0 Recommendations 6. 1 Cost-benefit analysis for noise mitigation measures The first important recommendations are that on the basis of the experience through the mitigating aspects of Noise has been addressed. The government should be in a position a databank for the effective establishment of whether the money to spend on certain components of the problems has been completed.

For instance, the government has been proposed to approve up Legco approval spending up to 15% of the contract sum in the issues to ensure highways are properly constructed. A cost-benefit analysis should be done to establish a consensus view as to the cost the society would be willing to shoulder and other key components of mitigating measures at a lower-costs to be considered. The government have developed key institutional considerations that are meant to help solve the problem. Key recommendations on the change of existing institutions are being completed in different ways. This is a great way through which the right aspects have been completed. 4 Use of noise mapping tools Another important recommendation is to have mapping tools that would act as a baseline for decisions for effective evaluation of noise policy.

The government considers the noise map, which is very important and helps the process to be effective and ensure that the right principles have been completed in a given way. There should be a proper alignment of the road designs and aspects which should ensure free noise components. The proposal to have a suitable road network should be implemented effectively and in the right way. 7 Rediverting traffic from noisy roads It is also an important recommendation for the road safety board to redivert road traffic from noisy roads. This is the best approach that will substantially help solve the traffic problem. The existing issues on traffic will be controlled and made appropriately in the right way. , Ortega, C. P. , & Cruz, A.

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