Role of Public Health in Health and Social Care in the United Kingdom

Role of Agencies 3 2. The Epidemiology of Infectious and Non-Infectious Disease 4 2. Effectiveness of Approaches 6 3. Implications of Illness and Diseases 7 3. Current Priorities 7 3. To be more specific, London accounts for the highest prevalence of Sexually Transmitted infections with about half of HIV diagnosed patients living in London. of sexually active gays have been diagnosed with HIV accounting for 24% of new HIV diagnoses. Additionally, it is important to note that the youthful population is also included with about 37% of new infections in London being people of ages between 14 and 24. There has been 40% increase in syphilis and 23% increase in gonorrhea diagnoses since 2014. This age bracket accounts for a significant proportion of the infected; 52% of those diagnosed with Gonorrhea, 41% of those with Genital Herpes, 62% of patients with Chlamydia and 51% of those ailing from Genital Warts.

This includes testing of sexually transmitted infections, contraception, and prevention mechanisms. Services on sexual health are commissioned locally so as to meet the specific needs of the community. They commission specialists services such as sexual health of young people, teenage pregnancies, sexual education and services in colleges and schools among others (Stretch 86). ii. Clinical Commissioning groups: these are National Health Service providers responsible for deciding the health services needed in the local area. The government: the government has a critical role of policy formulation regarding the healthcare sector. These policies include budgetary allocations and monitoring the other health agencies and hospitals. It also links the domestic medical fields with international organizations on healthcare programs (Boys, & Michie 29). vi. European Union: The European Union plays an important role of supplementing a country’s medical programs.

It is basically the study of determinants and distribution of health factors (Gordis 34). A. Infectious disease: Hepatitis A2 i. Classification: this is an inflammation of the liver that is caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV). It generally begins with fever, anorexia, depression, abdominal uneasiness, sickness trailed with a few days of jaundice. Classification: cancer refers to tissue growth that may occur in certain parts of the human body. There are many forms of cancer with the most prevalent one in the UK being breast cancer in women. More than half of new cancer cases are lung, breast and prostate. In the year 2015, there were about 183,000 male cancer cases reported. The statistics are expected to be rising at the rate of 2% yearly.

To begin with, use of education in the healthcare sector has extensively created awareness on the various diseases, prevention and curative methods. This has greatly reduced spread and consequences of diseases. Many people in the UK seek Medicare both in the public and private sector (In Strangers, & In Maller 26). Legislation has extensively provided the healthcare sector with proper medical supply, research support, disease control structures as well as public education programs. This has greatly helped manage and control diseases in the United Kingdom (Boys, & Michie 17). These are mechanisms targeted at reducing thrive of disease-causing organisms (Walshe, & Smith 21). Remedial care programs are advanced being improved regularly to proper support curing of disease. Through research, the government is able to attain proper drugs for the treatment of disease.

Additionally, the legislative process takes a keen interest in medical supply and procurement to ensure that the country is well supplied with curative medicine (Avery, Whitehead, & Halliday 82). Palliative care refers to care for terminally ill people together with their family. Training of healthcare experts is a key factor in ensuring disease control. Well trained personnel reduce the risk of misdiagnosis and spread of infections. Additionally, trained personnel have the expertise in handling patients with different medical needs. Ethical behaviour of the service providers is also a major factor of consideration (Avery 87). Additionally, cooperation between agencies and stakeholders in the medical sector greatly helps minimize effects and causes of diseases. These practices increase the need for future treatments (Ciancio & Mukerji, 39). More importantly, sexual life greatly determines our vulnerability to infection with STIs.

Poor sexual practices such as prostitution and unfaithfulness increase the chances of acquiring STDs. Work habits also affect future needs for medication. Working late hours and night shifts reduce the effectiveness of rests and may lead to future complications. Secondly, the diet plays a critical role in an individual’s well-being. Diet determines the health of the person which is a major factor in the wellbeing. Dignity and respect also contribute extensively to the wellbeing of a person. Every individual seeks to earn respect and live with dignity. Every individual thus seeks demand these factors to promote his or her wellbeing (Walshe, & Smith 088). Social care services and information. These are services provided by healthcare systems in the country. They aid in care for patients as well as a train of medical practitioners for the provision of effective services.

In this line, there is much recognition of the importance of information and data. They thus aid in providing necessary data for fighting diseases in the country. iv. Rights of patients Medical practitioners and healthcare service providers take keen interest in observing the rights of patients as provided by the WHO and in accordance with the Equality act of 2010 that provides that every patient must be handled as equal as the other and the data protection act of 1998 that provides that patients information must remain confidential and kept safe (Coulter 81). v. Complaint procedure. Most healthcare providers have set out an effective complaint procedure with proper response mechanisms (Ciancio & Mukerji 97). This will greatly help manage diseases at a proper time. It will also help counter the spread of disease before widespread (Stretch 200).

An activity that has been implemented to improve the behaviour change In modern medical practices, there is the high emphasis on proper lifestyles to manage health. The government, agencies, private sector, as well as nongovernmental organizations, have carried out programs to encourage behavior change (Littlejohns, Rawlins &Great Britain and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence 207). The government has aggressively educated the society on immunization of children, a mechanism that boosted efforts to prevent disease infections. John Wiley & Sons, 2016. Avery, Graham.  Law and Ethics in Nursing and Healthcare: An Introduction. SAGE, 2016. Boys, Deborah & Michie, Val.  Epidemiology. th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Saunders (2014): 189-214. Ie, Amanda, Christelle T. Ngnoumen, and Ellen J. Routledge, 2016. Littlejohns, P. Rawlins, M. D. Great Britain and National Institute for Health and Clinical Exellence.

and Harris Pastides.  Fundamentals of cancer epidemiology. Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2001. Smolin, Lori A. and Mary B. Taylor, Gary, and Helen Hawley.  Health and society: Key debates in health care. McGraw-Hill Education (UK), 2010. Walshe, Kieran, and Judith Smith, eds.  Healthcare management.