REGULATORY TECHNOLOGICAL AND INFRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES

Any truck driver belonging to a certain company is expected to be available in work, whether doing other works in the company or driving for a maximum of 70 hours in a week (Chung et al, 2017). This has shifted from the initial rule of 82 hours in a span of 7 days. The second notable change under this regulation is that a driver is supposed to take a break of 30 minutes after driving for 8 hours before proceeding with the driving. Lastly, the driver is expected to have an off-duty of 34 hours once he/she has attained the maximum working hours in a week. These changes, however, have great impacts on the truck sector. However, these activities require allocation of a lot of capital from the budget of any intending state.

Increasing taxes on road transport can be a way of generating capital that is needed to carry out these activities (Assad, 2018). However, such an increase has got its impacts. A slight increase in transportation cost either by increasing fuel tax or by any other means simply means increasing the costs for the shippers. It should be noted that the toll is an improper means of paying for the infrastructure. The installation of LED in a single vehicle is around $495. This remains a huge amount for small businesses whose implantation can drastically change his state and normal operation for medium-sized businesses. However, its implementation has a merit when it comes to the safety on the road. LED ensure proper follow up of hours of service from the driver.

This reduces fatigue from them and therefore minimizing the possible number of accidents that can occur. According to (Tripp & Drea, 2012), absolutely all industries globally suffer from cybersecurity challenges. Rail operators are as well vulnerable to two categories of cybercrime threats. Losing control of the voluminous data they have collected from the passengers that are stood in their databases and a losing control of the aspects of train operations. A solution to these challenges is keeping security as a topmost priority when implementing any infrastructure. Regular assessment of the cybersecurity should be carried out to see the possible vulnerable aspects of infrastructure in use. This has led to the reduction of rail maintains costs. v. Alternative energy sources Is a regulatory change.

Some advanced countries like Dubai, diesel engines in the train have been replaced by liquefied natural gas engines. The invention of this new engines offers a cost advantage, reduced carbon emission to the atmosphere as well as the establishment of proper regulatory structures that are far much independent compared to renewable and fossil sources of energy (Nelson & Saurenman, 2017). A solution to this one is the invention of big data analytics which has the capabilities of applying certain algorithms to consider the core relationship between the many different forms of data that has been collected and generate a report (Hayuth, 2016). Big data analytics automatically establishes and applies new algorithms once the correlation of the data under investigation has been achieved. However, cybersecurity is an issue despite the advantages of big data analytics that must be put into considerations.

This, therefore, calls for a secure form of storing data far away from the attackers. iii. Such enhanced communication will give birth to real-time decision making and successful autonomous communication. Crew welfare can be improved as a result of enhanced communication from the onshore to the ship. v. Power and propulsion According to (Brown et al, 2017) Power and propulsion is a regulatory change that that has been implemented by a number of states. The emergence of energy saving devices and alternative sources of energy will greatly change modes of power consumption. According to (Donald, 2017).  It is evident that distributions operations have shifted to TMS and WMS software packages simply because they are efficient. The two have turned out to be very competitive towards the current marketplace.

The software’s have gone ahead and extended their packages into subcategories which serve a particular task. These include supply chain solutions which take care of the distribution operation that is responsible for activities pertaining to suppliers and customers. The productivity of any sector is married to the needs of introducing accurate orders and customized customer services. Automation material handling has greatly grown in terms of their flexibility their number as well as their reliability. All these varieties of solution enable the seller’s upkeep diverse operations and types of products. Advanced combination of functionality and upon both equipment and material handling and control systems makes an organization more flexible when it comes to the application of the automation (Wixom & Watson, 2017).

In addition, the implementation of the use of multiple solutions can increase whatever that is gained through efficiency and throughput. If you happen to walk into any DC you will find statics, order fill tolls or even shipped cartons prominently displayed for the purpose of the whole world to see. But currently, a decision support system has been implemented that moves this information beyond the DC room by use of operating metrics (Wixom & Watson, 2017). The metric tool is capable of displaying a wide range of information that is channeled towards meeting the user needs in a format that is best suited for quick decision making. Conclusion In conclusion, it is clear from the findings that regulator, technological and infrastructural change can either positively affect the current state of the sector or industry.