Strong Efficient Market Hypothesis

A strong EMH is actually the cornerstone of the current financial theory though there have been some major disputes concerning its effectiveness. Researchers suggest that there is no need to search for undervalued stocks. According to the strong efficient market hypothesis which is depicted by few markets, every information that is available in the market which could be private or public is often taken into consideration in the stock price Followers of the strong efficient market, there is nothing that could be able to give an investor an advantage, not even the insider information. According to the strong efficient market hypothesis which is depicted by few markets, every information that is available in the market which could be private or public is often taken into consideration in the stock price. Any of the profits that tend to exceed the common returns in this market are basically not possibly made.

The professional portfolios as well do not often outperform the randomly selected portfolios which contain an equivalent risk as well as characteristics. The buy and hold investing had been proposed by many as the best way in the maximization of returns. A strong efficient market happens when the stock prices are already a reflection of the information available publicly in addition to the insider information. Accessing returns in this market is however very technical in a strong efficient market. As the strongest hypothesis of an efficient market, the strong efficient form determines the stock prices as well as the returns that are obtained by the investors. There are price fluctuations in this kind of market and therefore there is limited knowledge in the prediction of new information. This is the reason why all efficient market would not allow the investors to earn much more money especially above average without feeling the effect of any risks.

This is the shortcoming effect of strong EMH market and therefore it has in many cases been forced to explain the rationality behind such happenings. Irrational as well as rational behaviors have always been the main objective of the investor's decisions and therefore that is the main aim of the strong EMH to counter the challenges that they bring to the market. Eugene Fama in 1960s after winning the noble prize was able to develop the theory of efficient markets. p. The behavioral approach to the strong efficiency market This financial approach had been developed due to the anomalies that efficient markets have never been able to elaborate. It therefore uses the cognitive aspect of psychology in order to describe how irrational decisions in investments do happen. According to the financial approach, the investors are several affected with some kind of biases which frequently affect their ability of their decisions that are close to rational.

There are various biases that have been described to be popular in this case and they include the fallacy of gambler, hindsight bias, and overconfidence as well as anchoring. As the strongest hypothesis of an efficient market, the strong efficient form determines the stock prices as well as the returns that are obtained by the investors. In this strong efficient market issues such as technical analysis, fundamental analysis, and the insider information will not be able to predict the future shifts in prices. There are few markets that often exhibit the strongest hypothesis. It is further advisable to create portfolios which consist of the behavioral ideas and should be based on technical layers that describe goals which are defined properly. The assets with low risks should be used to mitigate other risks and loses due to the fact that a higher level will be able to increase returns.

Overconfidence bias describes that the investors in most cases do overestimate their ability to acquire information in order to attain the winning stocks in the market. Work Cited Malkiel, B. Efficient market hypothesis.  Finance. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2009. Efficient market hypothesis and forecasting.  International Journal of forecasting 20.