The practice of apprenticeship approach in the school of hospitality and tourism, pse, cambodia

Research problem 6 1. Research objectives 6 1. Research Questions 6 1. Significance of Research 7 1. Proposed Chapter Outline 8 CHAPTER TWO 9 2. Research methods 17 3. Data Collection Procedures 18 3. Ethical Consideration 18 3. Planning for Data Collection 19 References 20 APPENDIX 22 CHAPTER ONE 1. INTRODUCTION An apprenticeship is a significant tool for gaining hands-on skills and experiences which are very essential for employment. Apprenticeship is not only useful for apprentice’s attainment of skills but also hands-on experiences as well as other benefits such as professional qualifications, money, networking, and gaining of trust from potential employers (Wiki, 2018). Nonetheless, these benefits can’t be achieved with poor training programs. Programs ought to be aligned with the skills to be transferred to the apprentice. This research study aimed at understanding the process of apprenticeship program within the school of hospitality and tourism especially for students in front office skills.

Background of study Education is widely considered worldwide as elemental resource, both for individuals and societies. Hence, work-based programs such as apprenticeship and internships ought to be given to students so as to get the necessary skills and experiences for the job market. Research problem As earlier stated, the main aim of this study will be to understand apprenticeship program in school of hospitality and tourism, especially for students with front office skills. Thus, the general research problem is apprenticeship programs is fundamental for hospitality and tourism students 1. Research objectives Most of the things that comes with benefits in most cases can’t miss challenges. This is also the case with apprenticeship programs. Knowles suggests that for adults to achieve the learning objectives, they should be acquainted with its purpose.

Additionally, for adults to reap more from the learning process they ought to remain focus. Knowles assumptions on the learning process have high correlations to this study since it deals with the manner in which learners gain knowledge. Apprenticeship main purpose is to attain skills and hand-on experiences on the area study. The research will attempt to answer the following central questions: 1. Proposed Chapter Outline The thesis will be organized into five main chapters. Chapter 1 describes background of study, research problem and research objectives. Chapter 2 will highlight relevant literatures on the transition and development of economic system from the past to the present, and, more importantly, the successful global experience of applying the knowledge-based economic system. Apprenticeship practice in Cambodia It will built a foundation on how and why organization should try apprenticeship not all internship approach for their trainee.

Chapter 3 mainly focuses on the research methodology. Definitions of apprenticeships Apprenticeship is a term that has been defined differently by various individuals based on their area of expertise and interests. According to the ApprenticeshipPlus, apprenticeship refers to a work-based strategy designed to help individuals connect to a career pathway for various occupations. It is a work-based learning model, often called “learn and earn” model, where on-the-job training is combined with relevant classroom instruction. The apprentice progressively acquires new skills and applies these learned skills on the job under the supervision of a mentor. Upon completion of the program, the apprentice receives an industry-recognized credential (ApprenticeshipPlus, n. One way of obtaining such skills is through taking part in the apprenticeship training program.

The program combines the existing curriculum and career and technology training with critical on-the-job training performed at a partner hospitality industry. Apart from enabling the apprentice to earn and learn, the program will also enable him or her to obtain the requisite professional qualifications and experience. For the hospitality industry As earlier mentioned, apprenticeship programs are also beneficial to the host organizations or in other words employers. Apprentice’s contribution to production, reduced turnover and training costs as well as the certainty of employees’ high levels of expertise are just some of the benefits that many researchers have mentioned employer’s investment in apprenticeship training. percent for urban areas and 90. percent for remote areas) (Policy Review, 2013). Despite the high rates of enrollment for basic education and subsequently to TVET institutions, Labour market hasn’t been able to absorb all the graduates.

This is because of the fact that some graduates lack the requisite skills necessary for the job. Apprenticeship, therefore, is a necessary component to impart such skills. In addition, annual apprenticeships rules ought to be implemented (International Labour Organization Report, 2015). Successful Stories of Apprenticeship in other countries As aforementioned, apprenticeship is considered the best method of imparting job essential skills to the workers worldwide. However, its success differs from country to country. Developed countries such as United States, Germany, England, Russia, Sweden, and so many others are leading in reaping the fruits of apprenticeship programs as compared to developing countries such as Africa and some Asians nations. Apprenticeship Scheme in Germany Germany has a dual VET system. Both the government and employers should finance the program.

A tripartite and legal authority should carry out the implementation and monitoring of the apprenticeship program (International Labour Organization Report, 2015). The government is an important stakeholder for the apprenticeship program. It plays a significant role in the success of the apprenticeship program. The government believes that its roles and responsibilities in apprenticeship involve setting up of the legal framework, monitoring, and coordination of the program. Each stakeholder here ought to effectively understand his or her roles in making apprenticeship a success though they ought to work together (Stuart, 2017). CHAPTER THREE 3. METHODOLOGY This chapter provides information on the research design, research site, participants, and research methods, procedures for data collection, ethical consideration, and planning of data collection. Qualitative research method will be used to explore apprenticeship program as a whole in terms of the challenges host organizations experienced in welcoming apprentice to training ,ways utilized by host organizations to make apprenticeship success, strategies students apply to make apprenticeship successful as well as the manner in which apprenticeship is implemented in hospitality industry 3.

Research design As earlier stated, this will be a qualitative study. Accessibility and willingness of the participants to answer the research questions are some of the main things to consider during participant selection. As the topic of this research proposal suggests, the data will be obtained from apprentices in front office program and host organizations that train those apprentices. Therefore, the target population will be the 19 apprentices in the front office and some of their line manager at the host organizations 3. Research methods It is imperative to note that this research will be a case study in nature where observations and semi-structured interviews will be used as methods of data collection. Observations and semi-structured interviews are the best methods for collecting data for this research because they allow the researcher the flexibility to probe initial responses and ask questions such as “why or how”.

The second stage will involve collecting the primary data and will take around 1 month and a half to complete. Initially, a number of questions will be developed as a guide for face-to-face semi-structured interviews. At the same time, observations tables will be made. After all, these have been availed, the researcher will interview the participants in the research site. In addition, she will observe their behavior and record them in tables 3. In this case, each document will be in the Khmer language, and English translation when necessary. After that, permission letters will be sent to the target apprentices host organizations and apprentices themselves so as to get an official approvals formal interview process. References Lerman, R. Do firms benefit from apprenticeship investments? IZA World of Labour 2014:55.

Retrieved from https://www. Ortiz- Ospina, E. Global Rise of Education. Retrieved from https://ourworldindata. org/global-rise-of-education on April 17, 2019. International Labour Organization report, (2010). uk/content/internships/advice/what-apprenticeship on April 17, 2019. Brockmann, M. Clarke, L & Winch, C. The Apprenticeship Framework in England: a new beginning or a continuing sham? Journal of Education and Work, 23:2, 111-127. Retrieved from http://dx. S. The Adult Learner: A Neglected Species. Houston, TX: Gulf Publishing Co. Ghauri, P. and Grönhaug, K. I would like you to open up sharing with us your opinion on this topic. Because it’s very hard for me to take in all the detail during our interview. So I would like to ask for your permission to record the whole conversation. The information we get from you will be transcribed and send to you for your validation.

I assure you that the record and your comments will remain confidential. Votey Tan, a student at the Royal University of Phnom Penh, Faculty of education. Phone: 078 21 87 29; votey. tan@gmail. com). If you agree to participate in this study, you will be invited to join the interview that will be conducted at Royal University of Phnom Penh and the interview will take about a half hour.