Race Gender and Hybridity in the Americas

Document Type:Thesis

Subject Area:Cultural Studies

Document 1

The most outstanding themes in the authors’ arguments are racial profiling, educational equity, intermarriage, state-racial violence as well as immigration. Even though their views seem divergent, they contribute immensely to the understanding of social justice and the concept of intersectionality. Background The subject of racial disparity and social justice has been highly emotive in the American society since time memorial. The fact that everyone is born with inalienable rights has been highly overlooked for a long time, and as a result, various inhuman acts have been thriving which suggest the high magnitude of racial disparities. Various studies have indicated that racial segregation gave rise to the earlier racialization which the Indians, Blacks and the Mexicans experienced, culminating in the rise of numerous civil rights movements in the United States1.

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For instance, Lisa Marie Cacho suggest that the realization of personhood for minority groups in the American society requires hetero-patriarchal and capitalist policies4. These measures should be multi-dimensional bearing in mind that the racist ideology can be traced back into the era of slavery. David Brion Davis, in his book ‘Inhuman Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World,’ points out that the racist ideology emerged during the slavery period when the slave masters expressed derogatory opinions over the black adults and assumed they could be treated as children5. Thus, slavery created an inherently thriving environment for the violation of the fundamental human rights based on their color. Other scholars such as Bonilla-Silva and colleagues posits that the white Americans still have unexplainable racial attitudes even in the post the post civic rights era6.

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The continuous devaluation of the criminalized populations of the society based on their color should not be left unchallenged over illogical premises. The question of who and who is not a deserving member of the society should not be based on the rights-based politics which inadvertently normalizes erroneous social acts and creates social death. For instance, Cache stresses the significance of understanding the racialized and nationalized hiccups among the racial groups which defines personhood and the inalienable rights of every individual10. Discussion The differing interpretations of the current racial dynamics have had significant implications despite the limited empirical scrutiny by scientists. Drawing from different yet converging perspectives of these various scholars regarding the concept of race relations in the American society, the contemporary racial dynamics have shifted significantly in the new racial stratification system.

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The question of who and who is not a deserving member of the society should not be based on the rights-based politics which inadvertently normalizes erroneous social acts and creates social death. Conclusion Summarizing the analysis, the various scholars and historians give divergent yet interesting ideas regarding the ethnic and racial relations. The key paradoxes of social justice and the long struggles of the civic rights movements alludes how deeply-rooted is the issue of race in the American mainstream society. Many scholars agree that civic rights activism alone cannot address racial disparities as dominant as it is among the American populace. There must be structures and policies to impose sanctions and shun racially-instigated violence and boost social justice struggles that are championed by the civic rights movements.

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