Antiseizure drugs essay

Document Type:Coursework

Subject Area:Biology

Document 1

However, this drug does not treat all types of seizures. It has been known to be an effective anticonvulsant in the treating of the following types of seizures: partial seizures and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It is extremely effective when used for partial-onset seizures and found to be ineffective when used for generalized-onset absence seizures. Mechanism of action- Phenytoin mechanism of action is not specifically known, however there is a strong body of research that suggests that its mechanism is to inhibit the frequency and use of sodium channels that are dependent on voltage in the neural system and therefore limit its likelihood of recurring firing of action (Hesselink, 2017). This drug does not portray the change in patterns of firing, however, it does so in high and toxic levels.

Sign up to view the full document!

Apart from treatment of seizure in the developed world, it is used in developing countries in the treatment of epilepsy and insomnia. It can be used in the treatment of both adults and children. Mechanism of action- The drug works on GABA receptors (Al-Muhtasib et al, 2018), and subsequently cause an increased concentration of chloride ions within the neuron system and therefore decreasing excitability. It also directly blocks excitatory glutamate is also known to give the anticonvulsant effect that is synonymous with the barbiturates. Side effects- The common side-effects of phenobarbital include depression, dizziness, rash, fevers, slurred speech, stomach upsets, sleepiness, and fatigue. Mechanism of action Lorazepam falls under the group of benzodiazepine, drugs which reduce the activities in the nervous system within the brain and spinal cord.

Sign up to view the full document!

Its specific mechanism of action is not clearly understood, however, it is believed that it enhances the effects of gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) acid by embedding in its receptors which decreases stimulation in the brain (Rogawski, M. A. , & Cavazos, J. E. It is indicated therapy in primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults and among adolescents of 12 years and older. Mechanism of action- the exact mechanism upon which Keppra acts is not known, however, it is believed that the drug embeds itself to SV2A and prevents ‘presynaptic calcium channels’ which brings down neurotransmitter release which impedes impulse conduction in the synapses (Mukhin, K. Y. , & Pylaeva, O. A. It is utilized in the treatment of several types of seizures (Nielsen, N. M et al, 2015) including myoclonic, refractory, secondary generalized seizures, simple partial seizures, and tonic-clonic seizures and can sometimes be used in conjunction with other seizure medications (Oh.

Sign up to view the full document!

J. S et al, 2017). Mechanical action- Seizures occasions the brain to work more rapidly than normal, Valproic acids impedes the brain from working as rapidly as a seizure requires them, this will stop the seizures just as they begin happening. Al‐Muhtasib, N. , Sepulveda‐Rodriguez, A. , Vicini, S. , & Forcelli, P. A.  Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (5). Hesselink, J. M. K. Phenytoin: a step by step insight into its multiple mechanisms of action—80 years of mechanistic studies in neuropharmacology. C. , Chen, S. D. & Chuang, Y. C. , Svanström, H. , Stenager, E. , Magyari, M. , Koch‐Henriksen, N. , Pasternak, B. W. Valproic Acid Combined With Postcardiac Arrest Hypothermic-Targeted Temperature Management Prevents Delayed Seizures and Improves Survival in a Rat Cardiac Arrest Model.  Critical care medicine, 45(11), e1149.

Sign up to view the full document!

From $10 to earn access

Only on Studyloop

Original template

Downloadable