Fragile State Analysis Afghanistan

Document Type:Research Paper

Subject Area:Politics

Document 1

It is an officially Islamic state, and all its law is governed and derived from the Islamic laws. The country's population is slightly higher than thirty-six million people according to the statistics analyzed in 2016. The country consists of different ethnic groups that vary in their sizes and live in different regions of the nations. The ethnic groups include but not limited to Pashtun, Turkmens, Tajiks, Uzbeks, Brahu Nuristanis, Pamiris Durrani, and the Farsiwani. The economy of the country has moderately improved over the last decade but still not performing well. Since the coup succeeded, there has been a series of wars that have been staged against the Afghanistan government most of which leave significant scars to the economy of the country and the social development.

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After the first revolution and the PDPA took over power more revolution were against the party and a year later the Soviet wars began in the country. There then developed resistance forces in the country popularly known as the Mujahideen (Adamec, 2011). Their primary action was to fight against any Russian intrusion into the state. The war intense as some of the groups received support from superpowers such as the United States of America. Its primary purpose was to win over the al-Qaeda and then overthrow the Taliban from the power. Some of the NATO objectives but it also intensified the militia crisis that exists up to date. Classification and the Structure of the Government The Afghanistan government consists of three arms.

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According to its constitution, the country is an Islamic state, unitary and indivisible. There have been hardships in ruling the country that has been in war rags for quite some time despite the efforts that have been put in place by different and relevant groups. There were attempts to have the presidential elections in 2009, but they were not successful. They were a high level of irregularities and the announcement of the results delayed with more than two months. Instead of offering the highly quested electoral justice and peace in the country, tension increased as the rift between the warring groups increased as a result of the elections. In 2010 through under the supervision of the United Nations, the country held the polls for the provincial administrators and the parliamentary elections (Laub, 2014).

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The results of the election were considered to be invalid. The dominant groups are those that took over after Taliban's fall in 2001. For Afghanistan to rise, political parties must rise above the troubled legacy. Politicians and political parties are the carriers of the public interest, and they shall thrive if they correctly represent them. They aggregate the interest of different groups such as religious groups and those with different economic aims. If parties accurately present the grievances, they will be instrumental in the development process of the state. These reforms were fronted in the 1920s when king Aman Allah was in power(Khan, 2011). The constitution was amended to ensure men and women have equal rights. Female students were now allowed to pursue higher education.

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The differing culture race and religion are the leading cause of the Afghanistan’s division. The groups have not always been peaceful. Afghanistan is in its course of Islamization where there is no alcoholism and women should cover their heads in public (Eggerman, & Panter-Brick, 2010). There was a public ban on most entertainment forms such as TV sets. Men should grow beards and leave them untrimmed. In the current state, the daily life of Afghans revolves around the rebuilding of the nation which was destroyed by war. Economic Development Afghanistan is among the poorest countries in the world. Due to the congestion in agriculture, the Afghans have also developed the small and medium enterprises that are responsible for manufacturing goods in small quantities.

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Huge companies such as Coca-Cola have opened their manufacturing joints in the country increasing the revenue gained from the manufacturing industry. There is the endowment of several and different kinds of natural resources such as copper, iron and the natural gas. Most of the remedies have not been exploited however due to the continuous political instability observed in the nation. The survey to the country is not done on the resources available, and there is a high probability there is still a lot of untapped natural resources (Baczko, 2016). Politically the state has not been in a position to hold elections that are credible and fair to all. There has always been more division caused by the vote rather than the unity due to the suppression of democracy.

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The country is also facing challenges of terrorism that is very rampant with external and internal threats. There is lack of the necessary incentives to make use of the untapped resources such as the minerals and engaging the manufacturing industry efficiently. The country is accused of being a higher contributor to the global warming because of its pollution to the environment The state has conflicted with the neighboring countries. This means that the future which should be oriented towards the youth is overlooked. The NUG needs to be more unified to solve the crisis. The amount of private capital held outside the country, which amounts to billions of dollars can only be invested in the country if there is certainty that the economy will be promising in future.

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Economic confidence can be increased by methods such as improvement on infrastructure, improving the demand of the domestic products at the expense of the imports, promotion of exports and development of a fiscal economy. An effective government should be corruption free in its activities. Scarecrow Press. Akbarzadeh, S. , Bleuer, C. , Clarke, M. , Hanks, R.  Afghanistan: A cultural and political history. Princeton University Press. Beath, A. , Christia, F. , & Enikolopov, R.  The Taliban and the crisis of Afghanistan. Harvard University Press. Eggerman, M. , &Panter-Brick, C. Suffering, hope, and entrapment: Resilience and cultural values in Afghanistan. , Hebenstreit, C. L. , Madden, E. , & Maguen, S. PTSD detection and symptom presentation: Racial/ethnic differences by gender among veterans with PTSD returning from Iraq and Afghanistan.  Journal of Political Sciences & Public Affairs.

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